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What Philosophy Can Do, by Gary Gutting
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A leading American philosopher brings the tools of his trade to contentious contemporary debates. How can we have meaningful debates with political opponents? How can we distinguish reliable science from overhyped media reports? How can we talk sensibly about God? In What Philosophy Can Do, Gary Gutting takes a philosopher's scalpel to modern life's biggest questions and the most powerful forces in our society―politics, science, religion, education, and capitalism―to show how we can improve our discussions of contentious contemporary issues.
Gutting introduces listeners to powerful analytic tools in the philosopher's arsenal that they can use to make new sense of current debates. One such tool is a crucial distinction between inductive and deductive reasoning that explains why both sides on a disputed issue often are sure they have compelling cases for their views. Another is the principle of charity, which requires opposing parties to present each other's arguments in their strongest forms―a tool that would make critiques both more respectful and more effective. Gutting also shows how concepts introduced by philosophers from Plato and Aristotle to Michel Foucault and John Rawls can clarify public discussions about morality, the economy, and medicine.
From informed assessments of scientific claims to careful analyses of arguments for and against religious belief, Gutting brings a calm, clear-headed approach to some of the most divisive issues on the table today. He scrutinizes our relationships to work and freedom in capitalism; our modern understanding of happiness and the good life; the value of liberal arts education and the humanities; the role of science and politics in shaping public policy today; and the value of art and popular culture. Perhaps most meaningfully, Gutting shows how we can talk about our own deepest beliefs clearly and directly while listening to what others have to say to us.
- Sales Rank: #3031843 in Books
- Published on: 2016-01-19
- Formats: Audiobook, MP3 Audio, Unabridged
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 6.75" h x .50" w x 5.25" l,
- Running time: 10 Hours
- Binding: MP3 CD
Review
“This book is a brilliant demonstration of what philosophy can do and how it is essential to human integrity and identity. Gutting’s is a distinctly American voice: straightforwardly intelligent, generously sympathetic, but always forcefully critical, without ever being mean or scornful. Reading this book, one feels whole clouds of dogma and nonsense suddenly evaporate and one sees the landscape of a whole series of debates. Highly recommended.” (Simon Critchley, co-editor of The Stone Reader: Modern Philosophy in 133 Arguments)
“With this splendid book, Gary Gutting joins the great tradition of leading philosophers who venture from the ivory tower to speak with the public. Covering a range of topics―politics, science, religion (including atheism), art, and more―What Philosophy Can Do never condescends, never tries to evade the difficult. With wit and flair, Gutting shows how philosophical thinking permeates life’s decisions and can enrich our overall personal sense of worth and happiness.” (Michael Ruse, Lucyle T. Werkmeister Professor of Philosophy, Florida State University)
“Clearheaded, sensible, and teacherly in the best sense, Gutting in What Philosophy Can Do accomplishes what American philosophy today too rarely attempts―he illuminates how leading academic thinkers see ideas such as science, happiness, work, God, evil, capitalism and education in a voice any open-minded reader can appreciate.” (Carlin Romano, author of America The Philosophical)
“Gutting challenges readers who view philosophy as a merely academic discipline by showing them again and again how philosophy can do hard work in the rough-and-tumble world. …Compellingly updates for the modern world the timeless Socratic quest for wisdom.” (Bryce Christensen - Library Journal)
About the Author
Gary Gutting holds an endowed chair in philosophy at the University of Notre Dame. He is an editor of Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews and writes regularly for the New York Times’s philosophy blog, The Stone.
Most helpful customer reviews
22 of 24 people found the following review helpful.
An Important Book
By bronx book nerd
In an age when no one has reasonable debates, talks past each other and demonizes the opposition, a book like this can be an important corrective. Professor Gutting uses case studies to teach the various tools of the philosophical trade that can inform reasoned argument. One of the most important of these tools, and the one most needed in these times, is the Principle of Charity, which requires that you "render in neutral language the main elements of your opponent's position". This is important not just to understand it objectively but to also help you rationally fashion your own counterarguments. This would be very helpful today in the issue of same-sex marriage, for example, where one side deems the other homophobic for simply objecting and the other side deems the other as destroyers of the values of Western civilization. Regardless of which side you are on, you need to fully understand the arguments of the opposition. Another example is the idea of convictions, that is fundamental beliefs from which a person begins that do not necessarily require specific reasons, although they can be rational, similar to axioms in mathematics. Gutting's case studies include religious agnosticism, the limits of science, and education in a capitalist economy. For each case study he brings to bear another principle, and teaches how it would be applied for that specific topic. I do not agree with all his conclusions, but, although it is clear where Gutting stands, the point of the book is not for Gutting to make a case for his positions, but to make a case for reasoned argument.
9 of 13 people found the following review helpful.
Misapplication of philosophy
By Gderf
This is disappointing on how to argue politics. The “charity concept” of posing opposition arguments in clear terms is well taken but its hardly even a start to the issue. Us non-professional philosophers, who Gutting condescendingly purports to write for, do better to read the 'Opposing Viewpoints' or 'Contemporary Issues' series by Greenhaven Press. Ideological fixation, historical blindness, character assassination, falsifying of statistics and political corruption are all too prevalent, and not subject to logical analysis. Incumbents are too often endowed by their constituents with irrational hero worship. It's all too easy to find a weak argument by a “respected economist” like Paul Krugman while ignoring much more competent writing by economists like Joseph Stiglitz or William Nordhaus. The book is useless on the important issue of party politics. Arguments for and against specific politicians misses the point that we don't get to vote for the best candidates. How to separate propaganda from fact would be more useful than anything shown here. The left position on planned economy generally wins on ethics by taking the moral high ground and loses on the basis of historical performance. Neither are logical arguments. More political issues are decided by wishful thinking than by philosophy.
The idea that it's not useful to argue since it's not possible to change a mind already made up has much more relevance than the author admits.
If treatment of the first item, politics, is this trivial can it be worthwhile to read on?
Scanning the science, economics and art sections doesn't seem to show much improvement, but I could be wrong. The author shows himself to be well read on a wide variety of philosophical works including Plato, Descartes, Aquinas, Foucault, Wittgenstein, Rorty, Keynes, Rawles, Dawkins, Alvin Plantinga, Peter Singer, Wilfrid Sellars and others, but those philosophers deserve a better hearing than given here. In the field of science Gutting cites Thomas Kuhn, but Roger Bacon and Karl Popper are curiously omitted. It would seem that excursions into behavioral politics, science, religion and economics is the realm of psychology rather than philosophy.
/ References 'Nudge' by Cass Sunstein and 'How Much is Enough?' by Robert and Edward Sikorsky./
3 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
What Can Philosophy Do? A Lot of Good, as Prof. Gary Gutting Has Shown
By Amazon Customer
Balanced, eminently fair and comprehensive, and jargon-free yet replete with subtle and serious thought. In short, a superb application of classic and contemporary philosophical methodology to 21st-century concerns. Should be required reading for every official who aspires to elective office; that would improve the discourse substantially.
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